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    Common coding variant in SERPINA1 increases the risk for large artery stroke

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    Author
    Malik, R.
    Dau, T.
    Gonik, M.
    Date
    2017
    Journal
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    Publisher
    National Academy of Sciences
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://www.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1616301114
    Abstract
    Large artery atherosclerotic stroke (LAS) shows substantial heritability not explained by previous genome-wide association studies. Here, we explore the role of coding variation in LAS by analyzing variants on the HumanExome BeadChip in a total of 3,127 cases and 9,778 controls from Europe, Australia, and South Asia. We report on a nonsynonymous single-nucleotide variant in serpin family A member 1 (SERPINA1) encoding alpha-1 antitrypsin [AAT; p.V213A; P = 5.99E-9, odds ratio (OR) = 1.22] and confirm histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) as a major risk gene for LAS with an association in the 3?-UTR (rs2023938; P = 7.76E-7, OR = 1.28). Using quantitative microscale thermophoresis, we show that M1 (A213) exhibits an almost twofold lower dissociation constant with its primary target human neutrophil elastase (NE) in lipoprotein-containing plasma, but not in lipid-free plasma. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange combined with mass spectrometry further revealed a significant difference in the global flexibility of the two variants. The observed stronger interaction with lipoproteins in plasma and reduced global flexibility of the Val-213 variant most likely improve its local availability and reduce the extent of proteolytic inactivation by other proteases in atherosclerotic plaques. Our results indicate that the interplay between AAT, NE, and lipoprotein particles is modulated by the gate region around position 213 in AAT, far away from the unaltered reactive center loop (357-360). Collectively, our findings point to a functionally relevant balance between lipoproteins, proteases, and AAT in atherosclerosis.
    Sponsors
    This work was supported by grants from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (e:Med program e:AtheroSysMed), the FP7 European Union (EU) project CVgenes{at}target(261123), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (CRC 1123, B3), the Corona Foundation, and the Fondation Leducq (Transatlantic Network of Excellence on the Pathogenesis of Small Vessel Disease of the Brain) (all to M.D.), as well as by grants from the Australian National and Medical Health Research Council (Grant 569257), Australian National Heart Foundation (NHF; Grant G 04S 1623), Gladys M. Brawn Fellowship scheme, and Vincent Fairfax Family Foundation in Australia.
    Keyword
    Antitrypsin
    Genetics
    Ischemic stroke
    Large artery stroke
    Variation
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85016951331&doi=10.1073%2fpnas.1616301114&partnerID=40&md5=427bf7f38cf1d1a85b82869320892ba6; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/10129
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1073/pnas.1616301114
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    UMB Open Access Articles 2017

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