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    The dopamine prediction error: Contributions to associative models of reward learning

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    Author
    Nasser, H.M.
    Calu, D.J.
    Schoenbaum, G.
    Date
    2017
    Journal
    Frontiers in Psychology
    Publisher
    Frontiers Research Foundation
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://www.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00244
    Abstract
    Phasic activity of midbrain dopamine neurons is currently thought to encapsulate the prediction-error signal described in Sutton and Barto's (1981) model-free reinforcement learning algorithm. This phasic signal is thought to contain information about the quantitative value of reward, which transfers to the reward-predictive cue after learning. This is argued to endow the reward-predictive cue with the value inherent in the reward, motivating behavior toward cues signaling the presence of reward. Yet theoretical and empirical research has implicated prediction-error signaling in learning that extends far beyond a transfer of quantitative value to a reward-predictive cue. Here, we review the research which demonstrates the complexity of how dopaminergic prediction errors facilitate learning. After briefly discussing the literature demonstrating that phasic dopaminergic signals can act in the manner described by Sutton and Barto (1981), we consider how these signals may also influence attentional processing across multiple attentional systems in distinct brain circuits. Then, we discuss how prediction errors encode and promote the development of context-specific associations between cues and rewards. Finally, we consider recent evidence that shows dopaminergic activity contains information about causal relationships between cues and rewards that reflect information garnered from rich associative models of the world that can be adapted in the absence of direct experience. In discussing this research we hope to support the expansion of how dopaminergic prediction errors are thought to contribute to the learning process beyond the traditional concept of transferring quantitative value. Copyright 2017 Nasser, Calu, Schoenbaum and Sharpe.
    Keyword
    Associative learning
    Attention
    Dopamine
    Model-based learning
    Prediction error
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85014022551&doi=10.3389%2ffpsyg.2017.00244&partnerID=40&md5=9f71f9571837c14a8ee2dfb8dc39e32a; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/10040
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00244
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    UMB Open Access Articles 2017

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