This commentary highlights several challenges concerning the conceptualization of child neglect and the approach to this prevalent problem, with the goal of stimulating further thought and hopefully action. Examples include consideration of potential harm, the role of culture, intentionality, and new forms of neglect related to new knowledge of children’s needs. Assessment of possible neglect, interviewing children, use of motivational interviewing, and the importance of identifying families’ strengths are additional issues. Finally, the commentary addresses alternative response systems, resilience, prevention, and advocacy. We suggest ways to tackle these challenges.