FOXP3-expressing regulatory T cells (Treg) are crucial for immune balance and tolerance, but they can lose stability, transforming into impaired Foxp3lo Tregs (exTregs), which exacerbate inflammation. Purine metabolites like adenosine and ATP are believed to play critical roles in cellular metabolism and immune responses. We hypothesized their involvement in regulating Treg stability, suggesting that disruptions in purine metabolism might lead to decreased Foxp3 expression