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Implementing Reduced Fasting Preoperative Electronic Discharge Education in Elective Surgery

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2024-05
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Problem & Purpose: Prolonged fasting prior to elective surgery correlates with poor patient outcomes. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery provides evidence-based instructions to reduce complications that adhere to the American Society of Anesthesiologist guidelines, including clear liquids and preoperative carbohydrate drink two hours preoperative for healthy adults. An outpatient preoperative optimization unit ordered nothing by mouth at midnight for all patients. Nurse Practitioners were limited in modifying instructions. A chart audit revealed that 94% of patients fasted greater than eight hours. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to embed Enhanced Recovery After Surgery preoperative interventions into the discharge education and to assess fasting times. Methods: A new electronic smartphrase, or pre-formatted instructions, was created for preoperative patient education. Training presentations and discussion sessions were held by project lead in week one to Nurse Practitioners. The smartphrase included reminders of exclusionary criteria and gave the staff two options for the patient; reduced or prolong fasting. The project was implemented over 15 weeks and involved ten Nurse Practitioners. Data was collected on patients given reduced fasting instructions, total patients per week, and average fasting times per week. This data was disseminated weekly to staff. Results: Eight out of ten Nurse Practitioners were available for education. This project impacted 528 patients. Utilization of reduced fasting instructions increased from 0% in week one to 60% in week fifteen. Fasting times decreased from 12.6 hours in week one and 8.7 hours by week fifteen. The shortest fasting time was 6.1 hours in week fourteen. Conclusions: The smartphrase led to more patients receiving reduced fasting instructions. Fasting times were decreased with integration of the smartphase into the workflow.

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